What’s in the CARDs?
The Foreign Affairs Council on 19 November 2018 agreed to launch the CARD (Coordinated Annual Review on Defence) as a standing activity aimed at offering a better overview at EU […]
European defence / NATO
Publications
Fighting for Europe. European strategic autonomy and the use of force
Strategic autonomy: yes! But to do what exactly? To protect ourselves, or to protect others, outside Europe, as well? To protect ourselves by defeating the enemy on his own ground, […]
1919-2019: How to Make Peace Last? European Strategy and the Future of the World Order
The commemorations of the Great War have come to and end. 2019 will see the centenary of the peace treaties that concluded the war, starting with Versailles, and of the […]
Books
European Strategy in the 21st Century. New Future for Old Power
The course of world politics is determined by the interaction between the Great Powers. Is Europe one of them? Russia intervenes in Syria, the US withdraws from the INF Treaty, […]
The EU and China: Modest signs of convergence?
Against a background in which the United States is increasingly drawing into question its commitments to free trade and the global commons, the challenge for the EU and China is […]
External publications
The EU as a partner in cyber diplomacy and defence
The European institutions became involved in cyber-related issues in the 1990s. However, cyberspace only came to be conceived as a security space a decade later. As late as 2003, cyber […]