In 2016, the European Commission recognized the role of renewable energy communities (RECs) in the Clean Energy Package (CEP). This package has been accompanied by a narrative of citizen empowerment […]
In this policy brief, the author focusses on NATO’s nuclear dimension. He highlights key challenges in the European security environment and explains essential characteristics of NATO’s deterrence and collective defence, […]
Belgo-Russia relations are mired in paradox. For several years, the relationship between the Russian Federation on the one hand and the EU and NATO on the other has been characterized […]
L’avènement des réseaux sociaux numériques en Afrique offre des opportunités nouvelles de mobilisation et d’expression d’un pluralisme des vues pour des populations souffrant le martyr de régimes monolithiques. Mais si […]
More than 5,000 North African volunteers travelled to Syria and Iraq in the aftermath of the ‘Arab Spring’, and about 2,000 joined jihadi groups in Libya. This report looks at […]
On 1 February 2019, the US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo announced that his country had suspended its compliance with the Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces Treaty, or INF Treaty, and would […]